According to the Ethiopian Civil Code, Book IV refers to obligations but does not contain a specific definition. Like French judges who apply Article 1101 of the French Civil Code, Ethiopian judges apply the principle of an obligation based on legal circumstances. This Agreement exists between two or more parties or persons in which they delete, modify or create obligations in the legal sense. An imperfect obligation does not legally bind the parties to each other and does not have the same legal effect on the non-performance. Instead, failure to comply with an imperfect obligation requires accountability to a higher power. Examples are gratitude and charity. In this definition, an imperfect obligation is simply a moral duty. Perfect obligations give one party the right to take legal action against the other party for non-performance. These obligations may be moral, natural or civil. A perfect obligation is personal, because a party undertakes to perform an act, but not all executors and heirs are bound. For example, a person might be required to pay a certain amount of money to another party each month, but this obligation would end when the person dies. The definition of obligation in the law refers to the responsibility to obey the actions agreed to in a contract, promise, law, oath or vow.3 min read In the most technical definition, obligation refers to a sealed instrument.
In Black`s Law Dictionary, the obligation is a moral or legal obligation to do or not to perform an action. Some jurists, including Fredrick Pollock, argue that obligation is another word for duty. The legal meaning of the obligation under ancient Roman law claims that obligations are the link of vinculum juris or legal necessity between at least two persons or parties. Obligation is the moral or legal obligation that obliges a person to perform, as well as possible sanctions for non-performance. An obligation is also a duty to do what is imposed by a contract, promise or law. In the most general sense, duty is synonymous with obligation. When it becomes more technical, the obligation refers to the commitment that obliges a party to perform a task, perform an action or pay a sum of money required in accordance with the customs and laws of the country in which the agreement was concluded. Another jurist, John Salmond, explained that an obligation refers to morality or laws that command or compel a person to perform an action. The obligation takes effect on the basis of the sanctions applicable in the event of non-compliance with the conditions. In the current legal system and in current legal documents, the obligation is defined individually or precisely.
However, scientists often apply their own definitions depending on their legal situation and systems. For example, French judges could define the obligation as legally binding rules between the parties describing the requirements to perform or not to perform an act. In the original sense, the concept of obligation referred only to liability for the payment of sums specified in the terms of certain written documents. To be considered an obligation, the document had to be signed under seal. In today`s legal world, the obligation refers to the obligation to participate in a particular act on the basis of their consent to another party or in accordance with the law. An obligation may also refer to the letter or act by which a party testifies to the contract or agreement. The obligations continue to exist even if a civil obligation is similar to an obligation containing a contractual penalty containing a condition of payment or performance. An invoice usually has no conditions or penalties, although the actions described may be required, distinguishing an invoice from an obligation. Another way of describing an obligation is an act that binds one party to another under penalty of performing an act. An obligation is real when the person is not responsible for performance, but property is responsible. For example, if one property owes an easement to another, the property owes the property, but not the individual owner. An obligation imposed on an organization, including those that are legal or regulatory.
1. All requirements, constraints, needs and necessities had to be met. 2. Marketing. Standard of benefit, speed, cost and value of the product from the customer`s perspective.
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